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压(ya)电陶(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)是一(yi)种(zhong)能将机械能和电能互相转换的功能陶(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)材料。其中(zhong)，锆钛酸铅(qian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)简称PZT陶(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)，是一(yi)种(zhong)二(er)元(yuan)固溶(rong)体(ti)，它呈(cheng)现出ABO3型的(de)(de)(de)钙钛矿结构，是目前最好性能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)压电陶瓷(ci)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)体系。同(tong)时，通(tong)过(guo)调节锆钛比(bi)例和(he)掺杂，锆钛酸铅呈现不同(tong)性质而具有(you)广泛应用，但是目前国内仍(reng)然缺(que)乏高性能(neng)(neng)压电陶瓷(ci)，高端应用依(yi)赖于国外(wai)进口。而且(qie)其铅含量在材(cai)(cai)料(liao)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)占比(bi)相对较高，在元(yuan)件制造、加工(gong)、储运(yun)及(ji)其废弃物处理过(guo)程中(zhong)，可能(neng)(neng)对人(ren)体和(he)环境(jing)造成危害。因(yin)此探索高端压电材(cai)(cai)料(liao)和(he)无铅材(cai)(cai)料(liao)实现环境(jing)保护和(he)可持续(xu)发展的(de)(de)(de)需求增(zeng)长，是近年来(lai)学(xue)术研究与工(gong)业开发的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要方向和(he)热点课题。
在(zai)CAC2023广(guang)(guang)州先进陶瓷展(zhan)上(shang)，以著名材料学专(zhuan)家，广(guang)(guang)东(dong)以色列理工学院材料系(xi)的(de)谭启教授为团(tuan)队核心的(de)拓(tuo)米新材料技术(shu)（汕(shan)头）有(you)限公司展(zhan)示了国产(chan)非(fei)PZT体系(xi)高端压电材料技术(shu)取(qu)得(de)的(de)新突破。
拓米新(xin)材料(liao)项目负责人(ren)杨(yang)益鑫(xin)先生(sheng)表示：“国(guo)内目前生(sheng)产的(de)(de)(de)(de)压(ya)(ya)(ya)电陶瓷(ci)(ci)材料(liao)还是以(yi)(yi)锆(gao)钛酸铅（PZT）体(ti)系为(wei)主，不(bu)仅存在人(ren)们广泛关(guan)注的(de)(de)(de)(de)环保问题，相关(guan)高性能器件也均依(yi)赖于(yu)进口。为(wei)了(le)解(jie)决国(guo)内技术(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)卡脖子难题和响应减铅的(de)(de)(de)(de)趋势，我们团队(dui)依(yi)托广东以(yi)(yi)色(se)列学院强(qiang)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)研实力和谭启(qi)教授在美国(guo)工(gong)业界多年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作经(jing)验，一(yi)直专注于(yu)压(ya)(ya)(ya)电陶瓷(ci)(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)自主研发，不(bu)断完(wan)善技术(shu)创新(xin)，经(jing)过(guo)多年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)发展和积累，研发出了(le)多种(zhong)非PZT体(ti)系的(de)(de)(de)(de)压(ya)(ya)(ya)电陶瓷(ci)(ci)新(xin)配方(fang)，在质(zhi)量、技术(shu)方(fang)面均实现较(jiao)大(da)突破。”这(zhei)些突破点具体(ti)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)总结为(wei)以(yi)(yi)下(xia)几(ji)个方(fang)面——
1、材(cai)料配方和性质灵活可调
由于压电(dian)(dian)(dian)陶瓷材(cai)(cai)料具(ju)有(you)正(zheng)逆压电(dian)(dian)(dian)效应，即机械能(neng)和电(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)之间能(neng)够互相转换(huan)，其在(zai)压电(dian)(dian)(dian)传感器(qi)、驱动器(qi)、超(chao)声换(huan)能(neng)器(qi)、压电(dian)(dian)(dian)蜂鸣器(qi)和滤波器(qi)等(deng)器(qi)件中(zhong)得(de)到了广泛的应用(yong)。可以(yi)(yi)说小到一(yi)个耳麦、倒车雷达，大(da)到核(he)潜(qian)艇(ting)、火(huo)箭都需要压电(dian)(dian)(dian)陶瓷，但不同的产品对于压电(dian)(dian)(dian)陶瓷的性能(neng)要求也不尽相同。据杨先生介绍，拓米新(xin)材(cai)(cai)料的研发的非PZT体(ti)系(xi)压电(dian)(dian)(dian)陶瓷可根据客户需求灵活调整原料配方，实现多个性质在(zai)宽(kuan)广范围内变化(hua)：介电(dian)(dian)(dian)常数(shu)(shu)dk（1000-10000）、高(gao)(gao)压电(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)数(shu)(shu)d33（300-1200pC/N）、高(gao)(gao)机电(dian)(dian)(dian)耦合系(xi)数(shu)(shu)（>60%）、宽(kuan)居里温度Tc（130-330℃）以(yi)(yi)及(ji)高(gao)(gao)机械品质因数(shu)(shu)Qm（300-1500）。
拓米(mi)新材料展示(shi)压电(dian)陶瓷粉体新配方体系
2、低温共烧压电陶(tao)瓷(ci)技(ji)术
为了(le)发挥压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)的(de)(de)(de)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)，压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)元件(jian)(jian)两级间需(xu)镀上金(jin)属(shu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)极来施加(jia)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。对于需(xu)要(yao)一(yi)体成型的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)层片式压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)元件(jian)(jian)，加(jia)入高(gao)(gao)导(dao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率金(jin)属(shu)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)共(gong)烧是(shi)常用的(de)(de)(de)解决方法，但金(jin)属(shu)铂、钯等高(gao)(gao)导(dao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)金(jin)属(shu)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)较贵、熔点较高(gao)(gao)，且过高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)烧结(jie)温(wen)度会使(shi)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)晶粒生长过大或组织结(jie)构不均匀，进(jin)而导(dao)致压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)元件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)能受到影响。因此拓米新材(cai)料(liao)(liao)研(yan)发了(le)低(di)(di)温(wen)共(gong)烧技术（LTCC）制(zhi)备压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)，通过增加(jia)烧结(jie)添(tian)加(jia)剂，降低(di)(di)陶(tao)瓷(ci)的(de)(de)(de)烧结(jie)温(wen)度，支持(chi)陶(tao)瓷(ci)与银等高(gao)(gao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)导(dao)率材(cai)料(liao)(liao)共(gong)烧，形成一(yi)体的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)层片式元件(jian)(jian)，可(ke)实现具(ju)有高(gao)(gao)度集成、小型化(hua)、可(ke)靠性(xing)高(gao)(gao)等特点。
LTCC技术流程
产(chan)品展(zhan)示与应用领域
拓米(mi)新材(cai)料展(zhan)出硬、软压电陶瓷
本次(ci)CAC展(zhan)会上(shang)，拓米(mi)新材(cai)(cai)料(liao)展(zhan)出(chu)了TH2000和TH2300硬压(ya)电(dian)(dian)陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)，与传统的(de)(de)PZT体系压(ya)电(dian)(dian)陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)相比，其(qi)介电(dian)(dian)损(sun)耗更(geng)低(di)，持续(xu)工(gong)作时(shi)产(chan)生的(de)(de)热量小，寿(shou)命更(geng)长，在很高的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)气(qi)和机械(xie)(xie)应(ying)力下进行大(da)功率能量转化的(de)(de)同时(shi)，还(hai)能自身特性保持稳定，主要在超(chao)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清洗、材(cai)(cai)料(liao)机加工(gong)（超(chao)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)焊接、压(ya)焊、钻(zuan)孔等(deng)）、超(chao)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)处理器(qi)(qi)（如(ru)(ru)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)喷洒(sa)液体介质）、医(yi)疗领(ling)域(yu)（超(chao)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)牙垢去(qu)除、手术器(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)等(deng)）和海洋声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)纳等(deng)方面有所(suo)应(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。而TS4000、TS5700软压(ya)电(dian)(dian)陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)则可以通过灵(ling)敏感(gan)(gan)应(ying)外(wai)界极小的(de)(de)变化，甚至可以感(gan)(gan)应(ying)到十几米(mi)外(wai)飞(fei)虫拍打(da)翅(chi)膀对空气(qi)的(de)(de)扰动(dong)，并将(jiang)(jiang)极其(qi)微弱(ruo)的(de)(de)机械(xie)(xie)振动(dong)转换成(cheng)(cheng)电(dian)(dian)信(xin)号(hao)，应(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)领(ling)域(yu)包(bao)括(kuo)促动(dong)器(qi)(qi)（用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)电(dian)(dian)子显微镜(jing)、微纳加工(gong)设(she)备(bei)等(deng)精密设(she)备(bei)中(zhong)的(de)(de)机械(xie)(xie)控制）、振动(dong)探(tan)测器(qi)(qi)（例如(ru)(ru)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)空气(qi)颗粒浓度(du)检(jian)测）、超(chao)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)发(fa)射(she)器(qi)(qi)和接收器(qi)(qi)等(deng)传感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)（例如(ru)(ru)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)医(yi)学超(chao)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)像(xiang)）以及声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)音传感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)、麦克风、乐器(qi)(qi)拾音器(qi)(qi)等(deng)电(dian)(dian)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)应(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。在后续(xu)的(de)(de)研发(fa)中(zhong)，公司还(hai)将(jiang)(jiang)研发(fa)无铅压(ya)电(dian)(dian)陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)，满足(zu)客(ke)户需求。
小(xiao)结
拓米新材料目前的工作重心正在向产业化转移，将研发成果转化为商品，一方面支撑企业可持续性发展壮大，一方面打破国内卡脖子现状，为国内相关领域器件性能升级提供坚强有力的支持！
粉体圈 整理
